Gabatarwa

Manyan mutum-mutumi na tagullasuna sanya ayyukan fasaha waɗanda ke ba da umarni da hankali. Yawancin lokaci suna da girman rayuwa ko girma, kuma girmansu ba shi da tabbas. Waɗannan sassaƙaƙen da aka yi da narkakkar gwal ɗin tagulla da kwano, Tagulla, an san su da tsayin daka da kyau.

An ƙirƙira manyan sassaka na tagulla tsawon ƙarni, kuma ana iya samun su a wuraren jama'a a duk faɗin duniya. Ana amfani da su sau da yawa don tunawa da muhimman abubuwan da suka faru ko mutane, kuma ana iya amfani da su don ƙara kyau ga yanayin birni a sauƙaƙe.

Idan ka ga wani babban mutum-mutumi na tagulla, yana da wuya kada a yi mamakin girmansa da ƙarfinsa. Waɗannan sassake-sake na shaida ne ga ruhin ɗan adam kuma suna zaburar da mu ga yin babban mafarki.

Muhimmancin Tarihi Na Monumental Sculptures

Hotunan zane-zanen tarihi suna da ma'anar tarihi mai zurfi a cikin wayewa daban-daban, suna aiki a matsayin ra'ayi na zahiri na akidun al'adu, addini, da siyasa. Tun daga tsoffin wayewa kamar Masar, Mesofotamiya, da Girka zuwa Renaissance da kuma bayanta, manyan sassaƙaƙe sun bar tambarin da ba a taɓa mantawa da shi a tarihin ɗan adam. Hotunan zane-zanen tarihi suna da ma'anar tarihi mai zurfi a cikin wayewa daban-daban, suna aiki a matsayin ma'anar ra'ayi na al'adu, addini, da siyasa. Tun daga tsoffin wayewa kamar Masar, Mesofotamiya, da Girka zuwa Renaissance da kuma bayanta, manyan sassaƙaƙe sun bar tambarin da ba a taɓa mantawa da shi a tarihin ɗan adam.

Bronze, sananne don ƙarfinsa, karɓuwa, da rashin ƙarfi, an daɗe ana fifita shi don ƙirƙirar waɗannan manyan ayyuka. Halayen da ke tattare da shi sun ba wa masu sassaƙa na dā damar ƙera su kuma su tsara manyan mutummutumai waɗanda suka yi gwajin lokaci. Tsarin simintin ya ƙunshi ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun tagulla waɗanda suka zama alamun ƙarfi, ruhi, da ƙwararrun fasaha.

Ana iya lura da haɗin gwiwar Bronze tare da abin tunawa a cikin ayyuka masu ban mamaki irin su Colossus na Rhodes, da siffofi na tagulla na tsoffin sarakunan kasar Sin, da na Michelangelo na David. Waɗannan halittu masu ban al’ajabi, sau da yawa sun zarce girman ’yan Adam, sun bayyana girma da ɗaukaka na masarautu, alloli na murna, ko kuma manyan mutane da ba su mutu ba.

Muhimmancin tarihin manyan sassa na tagulla ya ta'allaka ne ba kawai a gabansu na zahiri ba har ma a cikin labaran da dabi'un da suke wakilta. Suna aiki azaman kayan tarihi na al'adu, suna ba da haske cikin imani, kyawawan halaye, da buri na wayewar da suka gabata. A yau, wa] annan manyan sassake-sake suna zaburarwa da tunzura tunani, tare da cike gibin da ke tsakanin al'ummomi na da da na zamani da kuma tunatar da mu gamayyar fasahar fasaharmu.

Shahararrun Monumental Bronze Sculptures

Mu kalli wasu sassaka-tsalle na Tagulla masu dimbin yawa wadanda suka fi girman girmansu a cikin zukata da tunanin masu kallonsu;

• Colossus na Rhodes
• Mutum-mutumin 'Yanci
• Babban Buddha na Kamakura
• Mutum-mutumin Hadin kai
• Spring Temple Buddha

Kolossus na Rhodes (kimanin 280 KZ, Rhodes, Girka)

Colossus na Rhodes ya kasance aBabban Mutum-mutumi na Tagullana allahn rana na Girka Helios, wanda aka gina a tsohon garin Rhodes na Girka a tsibirin Girka mai suna. Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan al'ajabi bakwai na duniyar da ta dade, an gina shi don murnar nasarar nasarar da aka yi na kare birnin Rhodes daga harin da Demetrius Poliorcetes, wanda ya kewaye shi tsawon shekara guda tare da manyan sojoji da na ruwa.

Colossus na Rhodes yana da kusan kamu 70, ko kuma tsayin mita 33 (ƙafa 108) - kusan tsayin Mutum-mutumi na 'Yanci na zamani tun daga ƙafafu zuwa rawani - wanda ya sa ya zama mutum-mutumi mafi tsayi a duniyar duniyar. An yi shi da tagulla da baƙin ƙarfe kuma an kiyasta nauyinsa ya kai tan 30,000.

An kammala Colossus na Rhodes a shekara ta 280 BC kuma ya tsaya sama da shekaru 50 kafin girgizar ƙasa ta lalata shi a shekara ta 226 BC. An bar Colossus da ya fadi a wurin har zuwa shekara ta 654 AZ lokacin da sojojin Larabawa suka kai hari Rhodes kuma suka karya mutum-mutumin kuma aka sayar da tagulla don gungurawa.

(Artist Rendition of The Colossus na Rhodes)

Colossus na Rhodes ya kasance babban sassaken tagulla na gaske. Ya tsaya a kan wani tushe mai kusurwa uku wanda tsayinsa ya kai kusan mita 15 (ƙafa 49), kuma shi kansa mutum-mutumin yana da girma sosai har ƙafafunsa sun baje kamar faɗin tashar jiragen ruwa. An ce Colossus yana da tsayi sosai har jiragen ruwa na iya tafiya ta kafafunsa.

Wani fasali mai ban sha'awa na Colossus na Rhodes shine yadda aka gina shi. Mutum-mutumin an yi shi da faranti na tagulla waɗanda aka liƙa a jikin ƙarfe. Hakan ya ba da damar mutum-mutumin ya yi haske sosai, duk da girmansa.

Colossus na Rhodes yana daya daga cikin abubuwan al'ajabi da aka fi yi a duniyar duniyar. Alama ce ta iko da dukiyar Rhodes, kuma ta ƙarfafa masu fasaha da marubuta na ƙarni. Rushewar mutum-mutumin babban rashi ne, amma abin da ya bari ya ci gaba da wanzuwa. Colossus na Rhodes har yanzu ana ɗaukarsa ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyukan injiniya na duniyar duniyar, kuma ya kasance alama ce ta hazaka da buri na ɗan adam.

Mutum-mutumi na 'Yanci (1886, New York, Amurka)

(Statue Of Liberty)

Mutum-mutumin 'Yanci wani babban mutum-mutumi ne na Neoclassical a tsibirin Liberty a Harbour New York a birnin New York, a Amurka. Mutum-mutumin tagulla, kyauta daga mutanen Faransa ga jama'ar Amurka, wani mai sassaƙa ɗan ƙasar Faransa ne Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi ne ya tsara shi kuma Gustave Eiffel ne ya gina ginin ƙarfensa. An keɓe mutum-mutumin a ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 1886.

Mutum-mutumin 'Yanci yana ɗaya daga cikin alamomin da aka fi sani a duniya, kuma sanannen wurin yawon buɗe ido ne. Tsawon ƙafafu 151 (46 m) ne daga tushe zuwa saman fitilar, kuma tana da nauyin fam 450,000 (204,144 kg). Mutum-mutumin an yi shi da tagulla na tagulla waɗanda aka dunƙule su zuwa siffar su sannan aka ƙera su tare. Tagulla ya yi oxidized a tsawon lokaci don ba wa mutum-mutumin patina na musamman

Mutum-mutumi na 'Yanci yana da abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da yawa. Tocilar da ta rike alama ce ta wayewa, kuma wutar iskar gas ce ta kunna ta tun asali. Kwamfutar da take riƙe a hannun hagunta na ɗauke da ranar da aka ba da sanarwar ƴancin kai, 4 ga Yuli, 1776. Kambin mutum-mutumin yana da karu bakwai, waɗanda ke wakiltar tekuna bakwai da nahiyoyi bakwai.

Mutum-mutumin 'Yanci alama ce mai ƙarfi ta 'yanci da dimokuradiyya. Ta yi maraba da miliyoyin baƙi zuwa Amurka, kuma tana ci gaba da ƙarfafa mutane a duniya.

Babban Buddha na Kamakura (1252, Kamakura, Japan)

Babban Buddha na Kamakura (Kamakura Daibutsu) is ababban mutum-mutumi na tagullana Amida Buddha, wanda ke cikin haikalin Kotoku-in a Kamakura, Japan. Yana daya daga cikin shahararrun wuraren tarihi a Japan kuma wurin UNESCO ne na Tarihin Duniya.

(Babban Buddha na Kamakura)

Mutum-mutumin yana da tsayin mita 13.35 (43.8 ft) da nauyin tan 93 (ton 103). An jefa shi a cikin 1252, a lokacin Kamakura, kuma shine mutum-mutumi na Buddha mafi girma na biyu a Japan, bayan Babban Buddha na Nara.

Mutum-mutumin yana da rami, kuma baƙi za su iya hawa ciki don ganin ciki. A ciki an yi wa ado da zane-zane na addinin Buddha.

Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan ban sha'awa na Babban Buddha shine yadda aka jefa shi. An jefa mutum-mutumin a gunki guda, wanda ke da wuyar cikawa a lokacin. An jefa mutum-mutumin ta hanyar amfani da hanyar kakin zuma da aka bata, wanda tsari ne mai sarkakiya da daukar lokaci.

Babban Buddha na Kamakura wata taska ce ta ƙasar Japan kuma sanannen wurin yawon buɗe ido ne. Mutum-mutumin yana tunatar da dimbin tarihi da al'adun Japan kuma alama ce ta zaman lafiya da kwanciyar hankali.
Ga wasu abubuwa masu ban sha'awa game da Babban Buddha na Kamakura:

Mutum-mutumin an yi shi ne da tagulla da aka narka daga tsabar kudin kasar Sin. Tun da farko an ajiye shi ne a wani zauren haikali, amma tsunami ya lalata ginin a shekara ta 1498. Girgizar kasa da guguwa sun lalata wannan mutum-mutumi a cikin shekaru da yawa, amma ana sake gyara shi a kowane lokaci.

Idan kun kasance a Japan, tabbas za ku ziyarci Babban Buddha na Kamakura. Wannan abu ne mai ban mamaki da gaske kuma yana tunatar da kyau da tarihin Japan.

Mutum-mutumi na Hadin kai (2018, Gujarat, India)

Mutum-mutumin Hadin kai shine ababban mutum-mutumi na tagulladan Jahar Indiya kuma mai fafutukar 'yancin kai Vallabhbhai Patel (1875-1950), wanda shine mataimakin firayim minista na farko kuma ministan cikin gida na Indiya mai cin gashin kanta kuma mai bin Mahatma Gandhi. Mutum-mutumin yana cikin Gujarat, Indiya, a kan kogin Narmada a yankin Kevadiya, yana fuskantar Dam ɗin Sardar Sarovar mai tazarar kilomita 100 (62 mi) kudu maso gabashin birnin Vadodara.

Mutum-mutumi ne mafi tsayi a duniya, wanda tsayinsa ya kai mita 182 (597 ft), kuma an sadaukar da shi ga rawar da Patel ke takawa wajen haɗa jihohin 562 na sarakunan Indiya cikin ƙungiyar Indiya guda ɗaya.

(Statue of Unity)

Babban mutum-mutumin tagulla an gina shi ne ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar jama'a masu zaman kansu, tare da yawancin kuɗin da aka samu daga Gwamnatin Gujarat. An fara aikin gina mutum-mutumin ne a shekarar 2013 kuma an kammala shi a shekarar 2018. An kaddamar da wannan mutum-mutumin ne a ranar 31 ga watan Oktoban 2018, a daidai lokacin da Patel ta cika shekaru 143 da haihuwa.

Mutum-mutumin na Unity an yi shi ne da tagulla da aka lulluɓe bisa firam ɗin ƙarfe kuma nauyin tan 6,000. Shi ne mutum-mutumi mafi tsayi a duniya kuma ya fi mutum-mutumin 'yanci tsayi fiye da ninki biyu.

Mutum-mutumin yana da abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da yawa. Misali, yana da gidan kallo a saman kai, wanda ke ba da ra'ayoyi na panoramic na yankin da ke kewaye. Har ila yau, mutum-mutumin yana da gidan tarihi, wanda ke ba da labarin rayuwar Patel da nasarorin da ya samu.

Mutum-mutumin Unity sanannen wurin yawon bude ido ne kuma yana jan hankalin miliyoyin maziyarta kowace shekara. Alamar alfahari ce ta kasa a Indiya kuma abin tunatarwa ne kan rawar da Patel ke takawa wajen hada kan kasar.
Ga wasu abubuwa masu ban sha'awa game da Mutum-mutumin Haɗin kai:

Mutum-mutumin yana da tan 6,000 na tagulla, wanda yayi daidai da nauyin giwaye 500. Tushensa yana da zurfin mita 57 (187 ft), wanda yayi zurfi kamar gini mai hawa 20.
Gidan kallon mutum-mutumi na iya ɗaukar mutane 200 a lokaci guda. Mutum-mutumin yana haskakawa da daddare kuma ana iya ganin shi daga nisan kilomita 30 (mil 19).

Mutum-mutumin Haɗin kai babban mutum-mutumi ne na gaske kuma yana shaida hangen nesa da azamar waɗanda suka gina shi. Alamar alfahari ce ta kasa a Indiya kuma abin tunatarwa ne kan rawar da Patel ke takawa wajen hada kan kasar.

Hoton Buddha Temple na Spring

Buddha Temple na Spring shine ababban mutum-mutumi na tagullaVairocana Buddha dake lardin Henan na kasar Sin. Shi ne mutum-mutumi na biyu mafi tsayi a duniya, bayan mutum-mutumin hadin kai a Indiya. Buddha Temple Temple an yi shi da jan karfe kuma yana da tsayin mita 128 (ƙafa 420), ba tare da kursiyin magarya da yake zaune a kai ba. Jimlar tsayin mutum-mutumin, gami da kursiyin, ya kai mita 208 (ƙafa 682). Mutum-mutumin yana da nauyin tan 1,100.

(Buddha Temple na bazara)

An gina Buddha Temple Temple tsakanin 1997 zuwa 2008. An gina shi ne da darikar Buddah ta Chan ta Fo Guang Shan. Mutum-mutumin yana a yankin kallon wasan kwaikwayo na Fodushan, wanda ya shahara wajen yawon bude ido a kasar Sin.

Buda Haikali na bazara wata muhimmiyar alama ce ta al'adu da addini a kasar Sin. Shahararriyar wuri ce ga mabiya addinin Buddah daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Har ila yau, wannan mutum-mutumin sanannen wurin yawon bude ido ne, kuma an kiyasta cewa sama da mutane miliyan 10 ne ke ziyartar wannan mutum-mutumin a duk shekara.

Baya ga girmansa da nauyinsa, Buddha Temple Temple kuma sananne ne don cikakkun bayanai masu rikitarwa. Fuskar mutum-mutumin a natsu ne da kwanciyar hankali, an kuma yi mata ado da kyautuka. Idanun mutum-mutumin an yi su ne da crystal, kuma an ce suna nuna hasken rana da wata.

Buda Haikali na bazara wani babban mutum ne na tagulla wanda ke nuni da fasaha da fasahar jama'ar kasar Sin. Alama ce ta zaman lafiya, da bege, da wayewa, kuma abu ne da ya zama dole ga duk wanda ya ziyarci kasar Sin.